joule (J) - A unit for measuring energy., law of conservation of energy - The idea that energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred from one store to another., chemical energy - A name used to describe energy when it is stored in chemical substances. Food, fuel and batteries all store chemical energy., elastic potential energy - A name used to describe energy stored in stretched or squashed things that can change back to their original shapes. Aka. ‘strain energy’., gravitational potential energy - A name used to describe energy when it is stored in objects in high places that can fall., kinetic energy - A name used to describe energy when it is stored in moving things., nuclear energy - A name used to describe energy when it is stored inside atoms. Another name for 'atomic energy'., thermal energy - A name used to describe energy when it is stored in hot objects. The hotter something is the more thermal energy it has., Sankey diagram - A diagram showing energy transfers, where the width of each arrow is proportional to the amount of energy it represents., energy transfer - A type of energy which helps convert energy between stores. These include: sound, heat, light, work and electrical., dissipated - Spread out., efficiency - A way of saying how much energy something wastes. A more efficient machine wastes less energy., lubrication - To reduce friction by putting a substance (usually a liquid) between two surfaces., conduction - The way energy is transferred through solids by heating. Vibrations are passed on from particle to particle., convection - The movement of particles in a fluid depending on their temperature. Hotter, less dense regions rise, and cooler, denser regions sink., infrared radiation - Another name for energy that travels by radiation. It can travel through transparent things and a vacuum or empty space., emit - To give out., insulation - A material that does not allow something, e.g. heat or electricity, to pass through it., thermal conductivity - A measure of how easily energy can pass through a material by heating. A material with a low thermal conductivity is a good insulating material., thermal conductor - A material that allows energy to be transferred through it easily by heating., thermal insulator - A material that does not allow energy to be transferred through it easily by heating.,

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