appellate jurisdiction - the authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court, district courts - lowest level of the federal system; usually have original jurisdiction, ruling - an official decision by a judge of a court that settles a case and may also establish the meaning of a law., opinion - detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court's decision in a case., precedent - a ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case., senatorial courtesy - President offers a candidate, if senators object, he chooses another., magistrate judges - officials appointed by district judges to assist them with court issues., U.S. Marshals - Court officials who make arrests, collect fines and deliver subpoenas, U.S. Attorney - Court officials who prosecute people accused of breaking federal law; represent the government in civil cases, federal judges - Main decision makers in the judicial branch,

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