PAT - Purpose, Audience, Tone, prewriting techniques - freewriting, questioning, making a list, diagramming, creating a thesis - questions, try-outs, refining, evaluating for effectiveness, outline of the essay - introduction (thesis), supporting paragraphs (topic sentences + details), conclusion, supporting details - examples, descriptions, facts, quotations, anecdotes, organizing support - time order, spatial order, emphatic order, transition signals - addition, cause/effect, time, space, emphasis, change-of-direction, illustration, conclusion, conceding or allowing a point, transitional structures - key word repetition, pronouns, synonyms, parallel structures, introductions - openings - idea-focused, striking or dramatic, emotional appeal, idea-focused openings - funnel opening (general to narrow), background information, from familiar to unfamiliar, explaining importance, striking, dramatic openings - start with opposite idea, brief story or incident, questions, quotation, definition, emotional appeal opening - description of emotionally powerful incident or scenario, claim for the readers' sympathy, conclusions - methods - closing the circle, opening a new door, close the circle - summary and final thought, answer questions asked in the intro, , opening a new door - thought-provoking question(s), prediction or recommendation, bases for writing and evaluating essay writing - unity, support, coherence, sentence skills, unity - all the details in your essay related to your thesis and three supporting topic sentences, support - specific, with details, coherence - clear organization, visible connection of ideas, sentence skills - parallel structures, specific words, active verbs, concise words, consistent point of view, varied sentences,

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