Degenerate Code - a property of the genetic code which means that a single amino acid can be coded for by more than one codon, Anticodon - the sequence of three nucleotides on a tRNA molecule= that recognises a specific sequence of three nucleotides (codon) on an mRNA strand, Spliceosome - the enzyme that removes introns from the pre-mRNA molecule during RNA processing, Poly-A Tail - a stretch of adenine nucleotides added to the 3’ end of pre-mRNA during RNA processing, Coding Strand - the strand of DNA not transcribed by RNA polymerase, contains an identical sequence to the mRNA strand produced, Methyl Cap - a molecule added to the 5’ end of pre-mRNA during RNA processing, rRNA - RNA that is a key structural component of ribosomes, which assemble proteins, tRNA - RNA that recognises individual codons on the mRNA strand and adds the corresponding amino acid to the polypeptide chain during protein synthesis, Alternative Splicing - Process during gene expression where different exons may be spliced, resulting in a single gene producing multiple mRNA strands, Introns - sequences of DNA that do not code for proteins. They are spliced out during RNA processing, Gene - a section of DNA that carries the code to make a protein, pre-mRNA - the immediate product of transcription of a DNA sequence. Requires modifications before it can undergo translation, Codon - the sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA coding for one amino acid, Template Strand - the strand of DNA transcribed by RNA polymerase to produce a complementary mRNA strand, RNA Polymerase - the enzyme responsible for copying a DNA sequence and constructing an mRNA sequence during transcription, Promoter Region - the sequence of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds, Termination Sequence - a sequence of DNA that signals the end of transcription, mRNA - RNA molecules that are produced during transcription and carry genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, Translation - the process whereby an mRNA sequence is used to produce a corresponding amino acid sequence to build a polypeptide, Transcription - the process whereby a sequence of DNA is used to produce a complementary sequence of mRNA, Exons - sequences of DNA that code for proteins. They make up the mRNA molecule,

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