Employment Discrimination - The use of race or gender as a deciding factor in not employing an applicant., Gender Barriers - Advancements in work and/or society that are out of reach to women solely due to their gender. , Literacy Tests - Southern states passed laws that reqired blacks to pass a reading test in order to vote., Racial Barriers - Advancements in work and/or society that are out of reach of minorities based solely on race. , Minority Rights - Rights and protections of minority groups that are provided by the 14th Amendment. , Civil Rights Act of 1957 - Law established Civil Rights Division in the Department of Justice to seek out and punish those trying to interfere with minorities' voting rights. , Civil Rights Act of 1964 - Prohibits discrimination due to race, color, religion, national origin, or sex, and outlaws voter discrimination, desegregates public spaces, authorizes Justice Department to sue those failing to comply., Affirmative Action - Policy that seeks to correct the long-term effects of racism in the past by favoring minority groups in hiring and college admissions processes., Congressional Bloc of Southern Democrats - Group of Southern Representatives and Senators who joined Republicans to fight against government laws to benefit minority groups. , The Great Society - President Lyndon B. Johnson's attempt at eliminating poverty and racial injustice through laws that addressed education, medical care, urban problems, rural poverty, and transportation., Food Stamp Act of 1964 - Law that acted as a safety net against hunger for low incomes Americans by providing vouchers to purchase food. , Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965 - Created HUD Executive Department that set national housing policies and programs that addressed housing needs, that improved and developed the Nation's communities, and enforced fair housing laws., President Harry S. Truman - Passed two Executive Orders to deal with racism. A. Banned segregation in the Armed Forces. B. Guaranteed fair employment practices in the civil service., Shirley Chisolm  - 1st Black woman elected to Congress in 1968., Title IX (nine) - Law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity., Voting Rights Act of 1965 - Law signed by Lyndon B. Johnson prohibiting intimidation in voter registration / voting, and bans poll taxes and literacy tests. , Poll Tax - Some southern states required a fee for poor blacks in order to vote. ,

Unit #8 (B)-- 11th US History- Civil Rights: B. Congress

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