Antigen - Foreign substances that initiate a response in our body (e.g. dust particles, bacteria, viruses)., Inflammation - Skin becomes red, warm, swollen and painful due to increased blood flow., Phagocytes - White blood cells which engulf and destroy invaders., B lymphocyte - White blood cells which produce antibodies., T lymphocyte - White blood cells which attack antigens and destroy them., Antibodies - Helps phagocytes destroy the invading pathogen by clumping antigens together., Memory cells - If an antigen invades a subsequent time, it recognises it and causes the body to respond faster and to a larger scale., Virus - A very small pathogen made of DNA/RNA in a protein coat (e.g. cold, influenza, covid-19)., Bacteria - A cellular pathogen that contains a cell wall, DNA and potentially a flagellum (e.g. sore throat, pneumonia, tuberculosis)., Vaccination - Injecting a weakened, dead or part of a pathogen/ antigen into someone to produce immunity against a disease., Immunisation - The process of producing antibodies and memory cells following a vaccine (immunity)., Infectious diseases - Diseases that can be transmitted to others., Genetic diseases - Diseases caused by mutations in a persons genes (e.g. Down Syndrome, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis)., Lifestyle diseases - Diseases that arise from poor choices (e.g. obesity, diabetes, emphysema), Pathogen - Disease causing organism, Fungus - A cellular pathogen that grows in warm, moist environments (e.g. athlete's foot, thrush), Protozoa - A cellular pathogen thats usually transmitted by a vector (e.g. malaria, African sleeping sickness),

Year 9 disease terminology

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