winemaking - the concept including everything from grape growing to the final bottled product, oenologist - has a degree in oenology and has studied the science of winemaking, racking - travasi, filtering - filtraggio, cleaning vats - pulizia , adding yeast and nutrients - aggiunta lieviti e nutrienti, pumping over - rimontaggio, punching down - follatura , vinification - transforming grape juice into wine through fermentation, What is the job of the cellar master - The C.M. is responsible for racking, filtering, cleaning vats, adding yeast and nutrients, pumping over, punching down and so on, winemaker - Is the manager of the winery, What are the main components of grape juice? - They are: sugars, organic acids, poliphenols and nitrogenous compounds, destemming - the process of removing stems from grapes to limit astringency and herbaceous flavours in the wine, crushing - The process of breaking grape skins and expose the pulp to oxigen. , carbonic maceration - A winemaking technique where grapes are left to ferment in a CO2 rich environment, maceration - After crushing the most is left in contact with the grape skins to extract polyphenolic compounds which contribute to wine colour, tannins, flavour and aromas, Drawing off or draining - A technique in red wine making. Some cold juice is removed to increase contact with the grape skins, Clarification - The process of removing sediments from the wine through racking, filtering, fining and centrifugation, Centrifugation - A treatment used to separate solid matter from liquid. Not used for good wines, Fining - A technique used for clarifying wine, Filtering - The process of removing sediments by passing the liquid through very small holes,

Winemaking

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