From the nation's founding until the end of the nineteenth century, the United States generally pursued a policy of ____; it attempted to avoid foreign alliances and conflicts. This was in accordance with the advice of ____. President Monroe extended the principle of this advice when he announced the Monroe Doctrine, which announced that Europe must not create any new ____ in ____. However, during the mid- to late-nineteenth century, European countries and ____ began conquering vast new empires around the globe. This was called ____. Countries had many reasons to do so. For example, some sought ____ and new markets for their manufactured goods. Others wanted ____ and military bases. Race and racism also played a role in this. For example, some people believed that the white race was superior and had an obligation to attempt to uplift the "savage" nations of the world, bringing them education, modern science, and Christianity. This was known as ____. Others believed in ____, the belief in "survival of the fittest" as applied to nation states. The ____, a severe economic depression, helped convince many Americans that it too should pursue a policy of imperial expansion, to provide new markets for American ____. A debate arose in the U.S., as this was opposed by ____, who believed that imperialism violated the founding principles found in the ____. Most importantly, they believed that imperialism violated the colonized people's natural rights. However, in 1895, a rebellion in Spanish ____ led to the first American foray into imperialism. The rebels were portrayed in American newspapers as ____, while the Spanish occupiers were portrayed as ____. This reporting was called "____." This increased American support for intervention, but the majority of Americans people were still opposed to war. In 1898, an American warship, the ____, visited Havana to show the flag. Unfortunately, the ship accidentally exploded, killing 268 American sailors. The Yellow Press blamed the explosion on the Spanish, with no evidence. In response, Congress declared war on Spain, beginning the ____. The United States easily defeated Spain, because the United States was ____, but Spain was not. As a result of the war, the U.S. gained colonies around the world. It annexed ____, Guam, and the Philippines. This led to a bloody and unpopular war in ____, as the native population sought independence. During the war, the United States also annexed ____, believing its central location in the Pacific Ocean would provide the perfect place to establish a naval base. Believing trade with ____ was vital, the United States also announced the Open Door Policy. Finally, just a few years later, the U.S. began the construction of the ____ Canal, to facilitate faster movement between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. World peace was shattered in 1914 with the outbreak of World War I. The U.S. immediately announced neutrality, following the advice given over one-hundred years earlier by ____. However, German ____ attacks, followed by the ____, a secret message from Germany to ____, forced the U.S. to declare war in 1917. The war had many affects on the lives of ordinary Americans as the nation ____ for a total war. The government used ____ to build support for the war effort. It seized control over large parts of the economy to ensure sufficient wartime production. It drafted millions of men into the ____. It restricted the ____ of Americans with the Espionage and Sedition Acts. The violations of civil liberties were approved by the Supreme Court in the case of ____. In that case, the defendant was arrested and convicted for handing out pamphlets opposing the draft. He claimed that his right to freedom of speech, found in the ____, was violated. The court rejected his argument, stating that the government can punish such actions when they are a "____" to national security. Chief Justice Holmes famously likened it to "yelling fire in a crowded theater." The U.S. experienced a huge demographic change during World War One. African Americans began moving from the rural ____ to the urban ____ in large numbers. This was known as the ____. The ____ factors for this migration were Jim Crow and poverty, while the ____ factors were factory jobs and freedom. President ____ came out with a plan for world peace to follow the end of the war. This plan was known as the ____. Its key provisions included freedom of the seas, self-determination, and, most importantly, the ____, which was intended to be an international organization based on the principle of collective security. While the treaty that ended the war, the ____, included the League of Nations, it did not adhere to the guiding spirit of the Fourteen Points. Instead of treating the defeated nations fairly, it sought to punish ____ and its allies. The treaty was controversial in the United States, leading to a strenuous debate in the ____ over its ratification. The opposition to the treaty was led by ____, who believed that Article X of the League Covenant was ____ and would violate the principles of ____ by involving the U.S. in an entangling alliance. ____ sought to convince the Senate to support the treaty, but ultimately failed and the U.S. never joined the League of Nations. Many view the U.S. failure to join the League as a major factor in the outbreak of ____.

USH6.11b Unit 6 Fill-In

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