CERES - Largest asteroid discovered in 1801 by Giuaseppe Piazzi, now dwarf planet., PTOLEMY - Published Almagest in 127, star catalog with constellations based on Greek myths., IAU - International body founded 1919, defined Constellation, planet, and names for all space objects., MOON - Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were 1st men here in July 1969., PLUTO - Dwarf Planet discovered by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930, New Horizons probe flew by in 2015., NEPTUNE - Planet discovered by Johan Galle in 1846 based on math predictions of the planet's location., SPUTNIK - Russians launch this first satellite in space in Oct. 1957., URANUS - William Hershel discovers this planet in 1781, named for a Greek god, plus many comets, galaxy shape, and IR., VERNE - French writer publishes From Here To Eternity, first publication of DEarth's Escape Velocity of 7 miles/s(11.2 km/s), DRONE - Integrity is first helicopter this to fly on another world/Mars., HUYGENS - Dutch Astronomer who creates better telescope eyepiece, sees Saturn's rings and largest Moon in 1656 plus invents pendulum clock and Conservation of motion equations., SPHERE - Pythagoras suggests Earth is this shape, not flat in 500 BCE., GEYSERS - Cassini probe of Saturn discovers moon Enceladus feding ice into Saturn's E-ring and containing organics., TITAN - Largest Saturn moon, found to water ice like Earth's rock and methane rain, rivers, seas, and clouds., CLARKE - Arthur _, sci fi author who proposed communication satellites in geosynchronous orbits, wrote 2001., ALBATTINI - Persian astronomer who calculated a year as 365 days, 5 hr, 46 min, 24 s in 925., HUBBLE - Major Space Telescope launched in 1990, found to be flawed, but repaired to dramatically expand our universe, liked namesake astronomer., CASSINI - Italian astronomer in France who discovers Saturn's ring structure & Mars polar ice in 1666., PULSAR - Bell & Hewish discover this rapidly spinning neutron star with jets from magnetic poles in 1967., ZODIAC - Chaldean astronomers identify this in 1600 BCE., SPACEX - American company becomes first to carry American astronauts to ISS in 2020., COLUMBIA - First space shuttle launched in 1981 and destroyed in 2003 when a heat tile cracks and all 7 astronauts were killed., SOUND - Boyle develops air pump that can create a vacuum where this doesn't travel in 1659, KEPLER - Exoplanet hunting probe that finds thousands named after the mathematician that created the 3 Laws of Planetary Motion., RADAR - Robert Watson-Watt invents this type of E-M device in 1939 that is major in WWII and used to map Venus's surface., SUPERNOVA - In 1054 Chinese astronomers observe and record this phenomenon in Taurus, also recorded in petroglyphs in N. America, VOYAGER - Space probes launched in 1977, sent data to Earth on Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune; now left Solar System., ORBIT - Space probe DART crashed into asteroid Dimorphos in 2022 when found to be. able to change asteroid's _, WEBB - Latest NASA space telescope, replacing Hubble ST, named for NASA admin James _. launched in 2021.,, PERSEVERANCE - First Mars rover to land using AI, finding ancient biosignatures and sparks/lightning in Mars's dust devils in 2025.,
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Astronomy Timeline
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