Stress - Any disturbance in a persons normal balanced state (homeostasis), Stressor - stimulus that a person perceives as a challenge or threat, Distress - bad stress, Eustress - good stress, Developmental Stressor - predictable stressors that occur at different stages in a persons life like leaving home, getting married, or beginning a career , Situation Stressor - unpredictable stressors that occur at any life stage like car accident, job loss or natural disaster , Physiological Stressor - Affects the body structure or function such as trauma or vitamin deficiency, Chemical, Nutritional, Physical/Mechanical, Biological  - Types of Physiological stressors , Psychosocial/Sociocultural - Type of stressor that arise from work, family dynamics, and social relationships , Holmes Rahe Scale - Scale that predicts the probabliity of having a stress related breakdown , Dilated pupils, tense muscles, headaches, bachaches, neckaches, tachycardia, grinding teeth or clenching jaw - Physiological responses to stress , Forgetfulness, Irritable, Impatient, Mood swings,  - Psychological symptoms of stress, Anxiety - Feeling uneasy or apprehension in response to a real or perceived threat , Acute Anxiety - imminent loss or change that threatens one's sense of security, Chronic Anxiety  - lasts over long periods, may start in childhood, and involves chronic apprehension and overreaction, Mild Anxiety - Ability to perceive reality increases, restlessness, irritability, impatience, and fidgeting are signs and symptoms , Moderate Anxiety - thinking is clearly hampered, but learning and problem solving can still occur; may expereince pacing, voice tremors, tachycardia, urinary urgency, Severe Anxiety - perceptual field greatly reduced, distorted perceptions and learning does not occur; may expereince confusion, feelings of impending doom, hyperventilation, and aimless activity, Panic - Loses touch of reality and cannot process environmental stimuli ; may experience delusions, hallucinations, severe hyperactivity or immobility, and speech dysfucntion, Coping - process of how an individual deals with problems and restores equilibrium, Adaptive - Coping done in a good or positive way , Maladaptive - Coping done in a bad or negative way; interfering with functioning, relationships and reorientation , Adaptation - Changes that take place in a person as a result of stress and coping, Alarm Stage(Fight or Flight) - First stage of General Adaptation Syndrome , Symptoms of Alarm Stage - Increase in BP, HR, and mental alertness, Resistance (Adapatation) Stage - The body try to cope with the stressor and normalize function , Exhaustion Stage - Occurs due to prolonged or chronic stress , Hypochondriasis - Somatoform disorder characterized by excessive worry about being or becoming seriosuly ill , Somatization - Psychological distress in the form of physical symptoms , Malingering - Exaggerating or faking an illness to escape duty or work ,

Stress Fundamentals

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