The judicial branch name in the US Constitution - Supreme Court, The primary difference in the Executive/Legislative relationship between a Presidential System (US) and a Parliamentary System (Spain) - The US system has a clear separation; the Spanish system features a fusion where the Government is responsible to Parliament, The Head of Government in the Spanish system - The Prime Minister (Presidente del Gobierno), Two core foundational principles shared by both the US (1787) and Spanish (1978) Constitutions - A) Rule of Law and Separation of Powers. B) Constitutional Supremacy (with Judicial Review), Territorial organization of the US - A Federal State, where powers are divided between sovereign National and State Governments, The form of government for the United States - A Federal Presidential Republic, The scope of individual rights primarily emphasized in the US Constitution - Civil and Political Rights (for instance, freedom of speech, due process), The form of government for Spain - A Parliamentary Monarchy, Constitutional Supremacy - The principle that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and all laws or actions must conform to it (enforced via Judicial Review), The judicial body in the Spanish Constitution - The General Council of the Judicial Power, Territorial organization of Spain - An Autonomous State, which is a unitary state granting extensive autonomy to regions, The Head of State in the Spanish system - The King, who holds a non-political, symbolic role, The scope of rights unique to the Spanish Constitution - An extensive list of Economic and Social Rights (for example, right to work, housing, healthcare), Method for selecting the Prime Minister in Spain - Invested by the legislature and is responsible to it, Document style of the U.S. Constitution - Relatively short and vague (seven articles plus amendments), Document style of the Spanish Constitution - Relatively long and detailed (169 articles), Sovereignty model in the U.S. (Federalism) - Dual Sovereignty (powers divided between sovereign National and State Governments), Sovereignty model in Spain (Unitary State) - National Sovereignty is vested solely in the Spanish people as a whole, based on the 'indissoluble unity of the Spanish Nation.', Enforcement of fundamental rights (Title I) in Spain - They are directly enforceable and receive special heightened, judicial protection, The two roles held by the U.S. President - Head of State and Head of Government,

American and Spanish Constitutions

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