dark ads - Targeted online political advertisements shown only to specific users based on their data. They are not publicly visible to everyone, making it harder to track who is being targeted and with what messages., war chest - The funds a candidate has built up to use for campaigning. A large war chest can discourage opponents from running and helps candidates pay for ads, staff, and other campaign activities., Bipartisan campaign reform act - banned unlimited soft money to national political parties, set limits on political ads close to an election, and increased disclosure  requirements, dark money - Political spending by nonprofit organizations that are not required to disclose their donors. These groups can spend unlimited amounts on political ads and activities, creating a lack of transparency., federal elections commission - An independent federal agency that enforces campaign finance laws. The FEC oversees: contribution limits, disclosure of donations, public funding of presidential elections, Citizens united v. FEC - Led to the creation and rise of super PACs and increased dark money spending., hard money - Political donations that are regulated and limited by law. Funds must be reported to FEC but can be given directly to a candidate's campaign, soft money - Unregulated and unlimited donations made to political parties—not directly to candidates—for “party-building activities.” BCRA banned national parties from using soft money., super pacs - Independent political committees that can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money on political ads and activities as long as they do not coordinate with candidates. They often receive funding from corporations, unions, and wealthy individuals.,

Chapter 19 Vocab terms

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