Robotics - Robotics is the field that deals with designing, building, operating, and using robots. A robot is a machine that can perform a series of actions automatically, usually controlled by a computer program., Mechanical Components - (The Body/Structure): These are the physical parts that make up the robot. Think about the frame, wheels, gears, and arms you'll be building with VEX EXP. This is the 'hardware'., Electrical Components - (The Power & Connections): These parts provide power and allow different robot parts to communicate. Examples include batteries, wires, motors, sensors, and the main circuit board. This is like the robot's 'nervous system' and 'power source'., Computational Components - (The Brain/Software): This is what tells the robot what to do – the instructions. It's the computer program or code that makes the robot 'think'. This is the 'software'., Benefits of Automation - increased speed, accuracy, consistency, safety for dangerous jobs, cost reduction over time, performing repetitive tasks, Negative impacts of Automation - job displacement, initial cost, maintenance, ethical concerns, loss of human skill, lack of flexibility for unexpected situations)., Precision Movement Challenges - wheel slip- battery drain- motor inconsistencies - surface friction- weight distribution- mechanical slop, Translational Movement type - Driving Forward/Backward (linear motion), Rotational Movement type - Turning (angular motion, pivot turns vs. arc turns), Stopping movement type - Controlled deceleration and halt, Drivetrain - is the core system for he robot it is made of the wheels, n=motors, gears, sprockets and chains, chassis/frame, Open loop control - Open-loop control means sending a command (e.g., 'drive for 5 seconds,' 'turn 90 degrees') without any feedback from the robot about whether the command was successfully executed or the desired outcome was achieved. It's like pressing a button and assuming the action happened without confirmation., Limitations of Open-Loop - Inconsistency: The robot's actions won't be perfectly repeatable. Factors like battery level, wheel slip, and slight motor variations will lead to different outcomes each time., Limitations of Open-Loop - Lack of Precision: It's very difficult to achieve exact distances or angles because the robot isn't checking its actual movement., Limitations of Open-Loop - No Self-Correction: If something unexpected happens (e.g., the robot bumps into an obstacle), the program will continue without adjusting, potentially leading to failure., Sensors - devices that detect events or changes in the environment and send signals to the robot., Optical Sensor - a sensor that can detect and report the proximity of an object, its color, and the brightness of light surrounding the sensor., Proximity sensor - returns a value of near or far based on its proximity to an object, Color sensor - reports different colors based on what it detects, Light sensor - reports the brightness of ambient light surrounding the sensor, Scissor Lift- Benefits - Lifts vertically, Scissor segments can be added to one another to increase the height the lift,Powered by a motor on each side of the lift, in order to raise it evenly reach, Scissor Lift- Considerations - Cannot scoop anything on its own, More challenging to build, Uses materials from 2 VEX EXP Kits to build , Linear Slide- Benefits - Lifts vertically , Smaller design and simpler to build, Uses rack gears with another gear that slides along the rack gear to raise and lower the manipulator, Uses materials from 1 VEX EXP Kit to build, Linear Slide- Considerations - Not as strong, may not lift heavier objects , Not as compact as other lifts, Can be unstable due to position of the weight of the load on the pinion gear, Telescoping Lift- Benefits - Lifts vertically , Very compact and stable lift system, Uses nested channels and a chain and sprocket system to raise and lower the manipulator, Similar to a Cascading Lift, Telescoping Lift- Considerations - Center of mass can be affected by the lift raising, causing a potential fall risk for the robot, Uses materials from 2 VEX EXP Kits to build, Cascading Lift- Benefits - Also known as ‘chain lifts’ , Lifts vertically , Can be used to reach extreme heights , Very compact lift system, Extensive chain and sprocket system powered by two motors, one on each side, to raise and lower the manipulator, Cascading Lift- Considerations - If any part of the chain fails, the whole lift may be compromised, Can be time consuming to build, Uses materials from 2 VEX EXP Kits to build,

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