1. Which of the following best describes descriptive analysis?a) It predicts future outcomes using modelsb) It explains why an event occurredc) It summarizes historical data to find patternsd) It prescribes optimal solutions for decisions - c) It summarizes historical data to find patternsExplanation: Descriptive analysis focuses on what has happened using statistics, charts, and summaries., Which type of analysis focuses on determining why something happened?a) Diagnostic analysisb) Predictive analysisc) Prescriptive analysisd) Descriptive analysis - Answer: a) Diagnostic analysisExplanation: Diagnostic analysis explores cause-and-effect relationships by examining correlations and trends., 3. Which type of missing data occurs completely at random without any pattern?a) MAR (Missing At Random)b) MCAR (Missing Completely At Random)c) MNAR (Missing Not At Random)d) None of the above - Answer: b) MCAR (Missing Completely At Random)Explanation: MCAR means missingness is independent of both observed and unobserved data., 4. What is the best imputation method for missing numerical data when outliers are present?a) Mean imputationb) Median imputationc) Mode imputationd) Random imputation - Answer: b) Median imputationExplanation: Median is less sensitive to extreme values, making it better for skewed data or outliers., 5. Which visual method is commonly used to detect outliers in continuous data?a) Bar chartb) Pie chartc) Box plotd) Line plot - Answer: c) Box plotExplanation: Box plots display quartiles and whiskers, easily revealing points outside normal ranges.,

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