Virtual local area network (VLAN) - logical grouping of network devices that appear as if they are on the same physical network segment, even if they are connected to different switches or physically spread out. By creating VLANs, network administrators can logically divide a single physical network into multiple smaller, isolated networks, which improves security, network performance, VLAN database - is where VLAN configurations are stored on a network device, such as a switch., Switch virtual interface (SVI) - virtual interface on a switch that provides Layer 3 processing for VLANs. It allows the switch to route traffic between VLANs by assigning IP addresses to VLAN interfaces, essentially enabling inter-VLAN routing on layer 2 switches., Interface configuration - involves setting various parameters on network device interfaces to optimize performance and functionality., Native VLAN - the default VLAN on a trunk port that carries untagged traffic., Voice Vlan - designed to prioritize and separate voice traffic from other types of data traffic on the network., 802.1Q tagging - method of inserting a VLAN identifier into Ethernet frames to distinguish between different VLANs on a trunk link., Link aggregation - involves combining multiple network ports into a single group, increasing the bandwidth and providing redundancy for higher data throughput and reliability., Speed - data transfer rate of a network connection, typically measured in megabits per second (Mbps) or gigabits per second (Gbps)., Duplex - Full duplex allows simultaneous two-way communication, while half duplex permits data transmission in one direction on at a me., Spanning tree - (STP) - helps prevent network loops in a network's Ethernet topology by creating a spanning tree that logically blocks redundant paths, Maximum transmission unit (MTU) - the largest size of a packet or frame that can be sent in a packet- or frame-based network such as the Internet., Jumbo frames - refer to Ethernet frames larger than the standard maximum of 1500 bytes, typically up to 9000 bytes.,

2.2 switching technologies

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