The sex cells, sperm and egg, are called gametes., A gene is a small section of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific sequence of amino acids., Alleles are different versions of the same gene., The genotype is the collection of alleles that determine characteristics and can be expressed as a phenotype., A dominant allele is always expressed, even if one copy of the allele is present., A recessive allele is only expressed if the individual has two copies of the allele., Homozygous alleles are both identical for the same characteristic, for example aa or AA., Heterozygous alleles are both different for the same characteristic, for example Aa.,

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